A 10% credit card interest rate cap creates interesting market dynamics. Buy-now-pay-later platforms that monetize merchant relationships rather than consumer fees stand to gain ground—these models become relatively more attractive as traditional card economics deteriorate. Neobanks with lean fee structures should see a wave of new customers too, as incumbent banks start shedding unprofitable accounts. Traditional banking incumbents face margin pressure. The winners are businesses built around efficiency and merchant partnerships. The losers are those dependent on consumer-facing spread income.