I just saw an on-chain data point: SpaceX transferred nearly $95 million worth of Bitcoin. At first glance, it seems like a routine operation, but upon closer inspection, it actually reveals some important insights — large capital and AI agents are becoming the main players on the chain, and current blockchain infrastructure? Honestly, it’s a bit like rush hour traffic on a loop — it can’t handle these high-frequency, complex demands from "machines."

Think about previous DeFi innovations, like Brevis's zero-knowledge proofs or Falcon's universal collateral model. What did they solve? They made value flows faster and more private, lowered the costs of complex computations, and allowed your collateral assets to keep generating yields. All good.

But the problem arises when AI agents want to operate their own investment strategies — automatically paying data fees daily, adjusting APIs, collaborating with other AIs — they hit a wall: Gas fees fluctuate wildly, making budgeting impossible; permission management is clunky, like chopping vegetables with an axe; the micro-payment costs are outrageously high. This is what’s called “settlement hell.”

So you see, networks specifically designed for the machine economy are starting to emerge. What they aim to do can be understood as “building a highway for AI, with an integrated intelligent billing system." They focus on three pain points: first, stable billing — settling with stablecoins so AI can accurately calculate costs; second, fine-grained permissions — giving each AI controlled sub-wallets to prevent overspending; third, micro-payment optimization — using technologies like state channels to reduce the costs of each tiny operation to the bare minimum.