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I just received a question about what a transaction (txn) is and the transaction fees on Bitcoin, so I want to share a bit of experience.
Basically, the transaction fee on the Bitcoin blockchain is determined by two main factors. First is the size of the transaction, measured in virtual bytes (vB). Second is the fee you're willing to pay, calculated in satoshi per vB (sat/vB).
Currently, the minimum fee is set at 1 sat/vB, but if you want your transaction to be confirmed faster, you need to pay more. This creates a natural market mechanism — higher fees mean your txn gets prioritized for confirmation.
The interesting part is that the size of a transaction isn't fixed. If you add more inputs or outputs to a transaction, its size will increase. The larger the size, the higher the total transaction fee, even if your sat/vB fee rate remains the same.
Therefore, when sending Bitcoin, you should pay attention to the number of inputs and outputs to optimize your fees. This is also why consolidation transactions are important — they help you better manage UTXOs.