What makes a certain public chain capable of supporting an ecosystem-level storage infrastructure? The key lies in technological breakthroughs—from underlying coding to architecture design, and privacy protection—forming a complete technical system of "high efficiency + scalability + privacy."

Let's start with the most core component: RedStuff two-dimensional erasure coding. Traditional storage follows a magic rule: to achieve high security, you need to pile on redundancy. But this approach has changed. By splitting data into primary and secondary slices for distributed storage, only 4.5 times redundancy is needed to reach the durability level of traditional 25-fold replication. Data recovery costs drop from O(n) to O(B/n), with efficiency increasing by a factor of 3. Compared to Arweave? Storage costs can be as low as 1/100.

The supporting Epoch dynamic node mechanism is also crucial—each epoch, the system automatically reorganizes storage nodes. Shard transfer doesn’t require waiting for full recovery, which helps absorb node loss and prevents network congestion. This mechanism supports PB-scale storage effortlessly.

At the architecture level, a layered design is employed. Off-chain node clusters handle the heavy lifting of data sharding and backups, while on-chain smart contracts only record data hashes and permission information—saving over 90% of on-chain storage costs. The newly added Seal access control module allows developers to define data access policies directly on-chain, with native support for end-to-end encryption. Privacy scenarios like DeFi and medical data are exactly where this system shines.

Plus, with Quilt small file aggregation technology and Upload Relay upload acceleration, small file storage efficiency is also improved. This is not just about stacking numbers; it’s a rethinking of the entire distributed storage paradigm.