简要概述
- 明尼苏达州立法者正在考虑全面禁止加密货币自动取款机。
- 该州在2024年通过了针对这些机器的监管框架。
- 新西兰等国家最近也实施了全面禁令。
明尼苏达州立法者正在考虑全面禁止加密货币自动取款机，本周早些时候为应对针对老年人的诈骗案件增加而提出了相关立法。由州众议院财务与政策委员会联合主席Erin Koegel代表于星期一提出的HF 3642，将实际上禁止明尼苏达州所有允许用户用现金购买加密货币的实体机器。该立法标志着在应对加密货币自动取款机相关风险方面的重新努力，此前该州在2024年通过的框架规定了对新客户的每日交易限额为2000美元、退款要求以及运营商的许可制度。
虽然一些州已对加密货币自动取款机实施暂停或严格的地方禁令，但明尼苏达的措施可能是全国范围内的首例。它将类似于多个国家采取的全面禁令，例如去年新西兰的禁令。执法官员在周四的听证会上证实，老年明尼苏达人仍在不断失去数万美元的资金，诈骗者通过虚假借口指使受害者向他们发送加密货币，常常假扮政府或技术支持人员。在听证会上，一名当地侦探回忆起一位居民在六个月内向诈骗者发送比特币十次后担心自己会无家可归。官员表示，她每月损失了50%的收入，直到有一天在加油站被发现时显得迷茫，因“极其困难的境遇”而需要政府援助。
根据Coin ATM Radar的数据，明尼苏达州约有430台加密货币自动取款机，主要集中在该州人口最多的城市明尼阿波利斯。根据联邦调查局（FBI）的统计，去年全国范围内，受害者报告的与加密货币自动取款机相关的损失达3.33亿美元。
CoinFlip的总法律顾问Larry Lipka在听证会上表示，自动取款机运营商意识到其机器被用于诈骗的普遍性，但诈骗者拥有多种工具。在提交给委员会的一封信中，明尼苏达州某城市的警察局长写道，“执法部门在资金转移后几乎没有追回的能力”，这也是公共安全方面面临的几个挑战之一。在听证会上，众议员Keith Allen指出，数百万美元可能已从农村社区被抽走，而这些社区“本可以做很多好事”。
当明尼苏达州立法者考虑全面禁止加密货币自动取款机时，其他地区的州检察官也在推动对相关公司进行限制，包括Bitcoin Depot。本周早些时候，北美最大的比特币自动取款机运营商表示，将开始要求客户每次交易时提供个人身份证明。这一举措是其自愿改进合规程序的努力。此举是在马萨诸塞州总检察长Andrea Campbell本月早些时候提起的诉讼之后做出的，该诉讼指控Bitcoin Depot明知其在协助加密诈骗，同时“取消了防止欺诈和误导投资者的措施，以谋取私利”。据_ICIJ_报道，Bitcoin Depot对这一指控予以反驳，发言人最近表示公司以合规和消费者保护为核心。公司还继续与执法部门合作打击非法活动。
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